英語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞？過(guò)去分詞就是過(guò)去的過(guò)去所發(fā)生的事。過(guò)去分詞是分詞的一種，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般是由動(dòng)詞加-ed構(gòu)成。以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加d；以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將y變?yōu)閕，再加-ed；重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，那么，英語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞？一起來(lái)了解一下吧。
sit過(guò)去式：sat過(guò)去分詞：sat
begin過(guò)去式：began過(guò)去分詞：begun
do過(guò)去式：did過(guò)去分詞:done
tell過(guò)去式：told過(guò)去分詞：told
say過(guò)去式：said過(guò)去分詞：said
grow過(guò)去式：grew過(guò)去分詞：grown
sing過(guò)去式：sang過(guò)去分詞：sung
go過(guò)去式：went過(guò)去分詞：gone
make過(guò)去式：made過(guò)去分詞：made
give過(guò)去式：gave過(guò)去分詞：given
see過(guò)去式：saw過(guò)去分詞：seen
come過(guò)去式：came過(guò)去分詞：come
know過(guò)去式：knew過(guò)去分詞：known
hear過(guò)去式：heard過(guò)去分詞：heard
feel過(guò)去式：felt過(guò)去分詞：felt
fall過(guò)去式：fell過(guò)去分詞：fallen
take過(guò)去式：took過(guò)去分詞：taken
become過(guò)去式：became過(guò)去分詞：become
bring過(guò)去式：brought過(guò)去分詞：brought
hold過(guò)去式：held過(guò)去分詞：held
lay過(guò)去式：laid過(guò)去分詞：laid
lie過(guò)去式：lay，lied過(guò)去分詞：lain，lied
think過(guò)去式：thought過(guò)去分詞：thought
我是找著英語(yǔ)書(shū)看的，你說(shuō)的fine和throw我沒(méi)有找到，倒是有find，你看看是不是，望采納。
baby-sit臨時(shí)照顧
baby-sat
baby-sat
be(am/is/are)是
was/were
been
beat
擊打
beat
beaten
become
變成
became
become
begin
開(kāi)始
began
begun
bend
使彎曲
bent
bent
bet
賭
bet
bet
過(guò)去分詞-一、過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)
The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 這座城市三面環(huán)山.
【注意】過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別:過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),主要是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài),而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作.
(1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),表示動(dòng)作)
(2) The library is now closed. 圖書(shū)館關(guān)門(mén)了.(過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ))
【注意】過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成, -ing 形式表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行.有些動(dòng)詞如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其過(guò)去分詞形式來(lái)修飾人,用 -ing 形式來(lái)修飾物.
(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 這本書(shū)很有趣,我對(duì)它很感興趣.
過(guò)去分詞-二、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)
作定語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞,其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的名詞.及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),既表被動(dòng)又表完成;不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),只表完成.
1. 過(guò)去分詞用作定語(yǔ),如果是單個(gè)的,常置于其所修飾的名詞之前.
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況.
2. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)用作定語(yǔ)時(shí),一般置于其所修飾的名詞之后,其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,但較從句簡(jiǎn)潔,多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中.
The concert given by their friends was a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂(lè)會(huì)大為成功.
3.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)有時(shí)也可用作非限制性定語(yǔ),前后常有逗號(hào).
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會(huì),到會(huì)的有五千多人.
4. 用來(lái)修飾人的過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)移到修飾非人的事物,這種過(guò)去分詞在形式上雖不直接修飾人,但它所修飾的事物仍與人直接有關(guān).
The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩帶著滿意的表情舉目而視.
過(guò)去分詞-三、過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)
1. 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)的和完成的動(dòng)作.
(1) Written in a hurry, this article was not so good! 因?yàn)閷?xiě)得匆忙,這篇文章不是很好.
【注意】written 為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),表示這篇文章是被寫(xiě)的,而且已經(jīng)被寫(xiě). 值得注意的是,有些過(guò)去分詞因來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表被動(dòng)而表主動(dòng).這樣的過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); hidden (躲); stationed (駐扎); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于); born (出身于); dressed in (穿著); tired of (厭煩).
(2) Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因?yàn)槌聊缬谒伎贾?所以他沒(méi)聽(tīng)到那個(gè)聲音.
2. 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句的主語(yǔ),此時(shí)應(yīng)注意人稱一致.
(1) Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.
再給我一個(gè)小時(shí),我也能解這道題.(given 為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),它的邏輯主語(yǔ)為主句主語(yǔ) I ,即 I 被再給一個(gè)小時(shí).)
(2)_ Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.
從山頂看城市,城市顯得更漂亮.(seen 為過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),表"被看",由語(yǔ)境可知,它的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須是城市,而不是"我們",因?yàn)?我們"應(yīng)主動(dòng)看城市.)
【注意】如果過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),前面再加邏輯主語(yǔ),主句的主語(yǔ)就不再是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ),這種帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上屬于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).
(1) The signal given, the bus started. 信號(hào)一發(fā)出,汽車就開(kāi)動(dòng)了.(the signal 是 given 的邏輯主語(yǔ),因此主句主語(yǔ) the bus 就不是given 的邏輯主語(yǔ).
(2) Her head held high, she went by. 她把頭昂得高高地從這兒走了過(guò)去.(her head 是 held high 的邏輯主語(yǔ),因此主句主語(yǔ) she 就不再是held high 的邏輯主語(yǔ).)
3. 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)源于狀語(yǔ)從句.
(1) Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因?yàn)榱芰艘粓?chǎng)大雨,所以他全身濕透了. (caught in a heavy rain 為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ),它來(lái)源于原因狀語(yǔ)從句 Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)
(2)_Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果種在肥沃的土壤里,這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快.( grown in rich soil 為過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ),它來(lái)源于條件狀語(yǔ)從句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.
【注意】狀語(yǔ)從句改成過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)有時(shí)還可保留連詞,構(gòu)成"連詞+過(guò)去分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ).
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 當(dāng)你做體格檢查時(shí)要保持鎮(zhèn)定.
4. 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的位置.過(guò)去分詞可放在主句前作句首狀語(yǔ),后面有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi);也可放在主句后面,前面有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi).
He stood there silently, moved to tears. = Moved to tears, he stood there silently. 他靜靜地站在那里,被感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶.
過(guò)去分詞-四、過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
(一)能夠接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有以下三類:
1. 表示感覺(jué)或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等.
(1) I heard the song sung in English. 我聽(tīng)到有人用英語(yǔ)唱過(guò)這首歌.(過(guò)去分詞sung的動(dòng)作顯然先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作heard;)
(2)_He found his hometown greatly changed. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大.(過(guò)去分詞changed的動(dòng)作顯然先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作found)
2. 表示"致使"意義的動(dòng)詞.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等.
(1) I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理發(fā).
(2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了.
(3) Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完.
【注意】過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作一定和賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系.
(二)使役動(dòng)詞have接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)有兩種情況.
1. 過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成.
He had his money stolen.他的錢(qián)給偷了.(被別人偷去了)
2. 過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句中的主語(yǔ)所經(jīng)歷.如:He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了. (自己的經(jīng)歷)
過(guò)去分詞-五、"with +賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)
此結(jié)構(gòu)中,過(guò)去分詞用作介詞 with的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間,方式,條件,原因等狀語(yǔ).
(1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 兇手被帶進(jìn)來(lái)了,他的雙手被綁在背后.(表方式)
(2) With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加熱,我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣.(表?xiàng)l件)
(3) With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解決,我們都回家了.(表原因)
(4)_She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前,眼睛注視著他.
(5) He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然舉著手站了一會(huì)兒.
你問(wèn)的是詞形變化嗎?
一般地,就和過(guò)去式的規(guī)則一樣加-ed.
但有很多常用詞的變化是不規(guī)則的.
有人總結(jié)過(guò)里面不規(guī)則中的規(guī)則:
一、A—A—A型，即原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞三者都相同。（共9個(gè)）
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hit
hurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—
let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型，即過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞相同。（共41個(gè)）
1過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都含有
-ought。（3個(gè)）
bring—brought—brought
buy—
bought—bought
think—thought—
thought
2詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。（4個(gè)）
build—built—built
lend—lent—
lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent—
spent
3．過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞都含有
-aught。（2個(gè)）
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4．把-eep變?yōu)?ept。（3個(gè)）
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep—
swept—swept
5把-ell變?yōu)?old。
原形
過(guò)去式
過(guò)去分詞
baby-sit臨時(shí)照顧
baby-sat
baby-sat
be(am/is/are)是
was/were
been
beat
擊打
beat
beaten
become
變成
became
become
begin
開(kāi)始
began
begun
bend
使彎曲
bent
bent
bet
賭
bet
bet
bite
咬
bit
bitten/bit
blow
吹
blew
blown
break
打破
broke
broken
bring
拿來(lái)
brought
brought
build
建造
built
built
burn
燃燒
burnt/burned
burnt/burned
buy
買(mǎi)
bought
bought
can
能
could
cast
拋
cast
cast
catch
捕捉
caught
caught
choose
選擇
chose
chosen
come來(lái)
came
come
cost花費(fèi)
cost
cost
cut割
cut
cut
deal
分配
dealt
dealt
dig挖
dug
dug
do
/does做
did
done
draw畫(huà)
拉
拖
drew
drawn
dream
做夢(mèng)
dreamed/dreamt
dreamed/dreamt
drink
喝
drank
drunk
drive駕駛
drove
driven
eat吃
ate
eaten
fall
掉落
fell
fallen
feed喂
fed
fed
feel
觸摸
felt
felt
fight作戰(zhàn)
fought
fought
find
找出
found
found
fly
飛
flew
flown
forbid
禁止
forbade/forbad
forbidden
forget
忘記
forgot
forgot/forgotten
forgive原諒
forgave
forgiven
freeze
結(jié)冰
froze
frozen
get
得到
got
got
give給
gave
given
go
去
went
gone
grow
成長(zhǎng)
grew
grown
hang
掛/絞死
hung/hanged
hung/hanged
have/has
有
had
had
hear
聽(tīng)到
heard
heard
hide
隱藏
hid
hidden/hid
hit
打
hit
hit
hold
拿住
held
held
hurt
受傷
hurt
hurt
keep保持
kept
kept
know
知道
knew
known
lay
放置
laid
laid
lead
引導(dǎo)
led
led
learn
學(xué)習(xí)
learnt/learned
learnt
/learned
leave離開(kāi)
left
left
lend
借貸
lent
lent
let讓
let
let
lie躺
lay
lain
light
點(diǎn)著
lit/lighted
lit/lighted
lose遺失
lost
lost
原形
過(guò)去式
過(guò)去分詞
make制作
made
made
may可以
might
mean表…意思
meant
meant
meet遇到
met
met
mistake誤認(rèn)
mistook
mistaken
misunderstand誤會(huì)misunderstood
misunderstood
pay支付
paid
paid
prove證明
proved
proved/proven
put放置
put
put
quit放棄
quit/quitte
quit/quitted
read讀
read
read
rebuild改建
rebuilt
rebuilt
retell復(fù)述
retold
retold
rid
免除
rid/ridded
rid/ridded
ride騎
rode
ridden
rise上升
rose
risen
run跑
ran
run
saw鋸
sawed
sawed/sawn
say說(shuō)
said
said
see看
saw
seen
seek尋覓
sought
sought
sell賣
sold
sold
send送/寄
sent
sent
set安置
set
set
sew縫合
sewed
sewn/sewed
shake搖
shook
shaken
shall將
should
shine發(fā)光
shone
shone
擦亮
shined
shined
shoot放（炮）
shot
shot
show顯露
showed
showed/shown
sing
唱歌
sang
sung
sink下沉
sank/sunk
sunk/sunken
sit坐
sat
sat
sleep睡
slept
slept
smell發(fā)出氣味
smelt
smelt
sow種植
sowed
sown/sowed
speak說(shuō)
spoke
spoken
spell拼寫(xiě)
spelt/spelled
spelt/spelled
spend花費(fèi)
spent
spent
spit吐出
spat/spit
spat/spit
spring跳躍
sprang/sprung
sprung
stand站立
stood
stood
steal偷
stole
stolen
sweep打掃
swept
swept
swim游泳
swam
swum
take拿
took
taken
teach教
taught
taught
tear撕裂
tore
torn
tell告訴
told
told
think思考
thought
thought
throw投/扔
threw
thrown
understand了解
understood
understood
wake醒著
woke/waked
waked/woken
wear穿著
wore
worn
wet淋濕
wet/wetted
wet/wetted
will將
would
win獲勝
won
won
write書(shū)寫(xiě)
wrote
written
以上就是英語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞的全部?jī)?nèi)容，come（來(lái)）,gone（去）,put（放）,lost（丟失）,thought(想）等等等等過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的不規(guī)則形式要靠記的,這里有個(gè)歸納可供參考：一、原形、。
